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Class 12 › Physics › Electric Potential & Capacitance
CBSE2023Class Class 12 · Physics2 Marks · Long✅ Verified
If a charged hollow sphere and solid sphere of equal radii (aluminum and copper) are in electrostatic equilibrium, which statement is true? (A) Both have equal charges. (B) Hollow sphere has more surface charge. (C) Aluminum sphere has more surface charge than copper. (D) If hollow sphere is also aluminum, it will have more charge.
✅ Answer & Solution
✅ Correct Answer: (D)
📌 Concept: Electrostatic Equilibrium and Surface Charge
Key Facts:
• In <b>electrostatic equilibrium</b>, all charges reside on the <b>outer surface</b>.
• Charge distribution depends on <b>geometry</b>, not material (Al or Cu).
• Both Al and Cu are good conductors — their conductivity doesn't affect equilibrium charge.
Analysis of Options:
(A) ✗ — Charges depend on geometry, not just radius alone.
(B) ✗ — Hollow vs solid of same material: surface charge depends on potential condition.
(C) ✗ — Material (Al vs Cu) doesn't change surface charge in equilibrium.
(D) ✓ — If both spheres are aluminum (same material), the <b>hollow sphere</b> has all charge on outer surface only, making it effectively hold charge differently than the solid.
