Define electric dipole moment. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity?...

Question

Define electric dipole moment. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity? What is its SI unit?

Accepted Answer

Definition:
Electric dipole moment (p) is defined as the product of the magnitude of either charge and the distance between the two equal and opposite charges.

Formula:
p = q × 2l

where:
• q = magnitude of either charge
• 2l = distance between the two charges

Direction:
The direction of dipole moment is from the negative charge (-q) to the positive charge (+q).

Nature:
Electric dipole moment is a VECTOR quantity because it has both magnitude and direction.

SI Unit:
Coulomb-metre (C·m)

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