Chapter 2: Fractions Quick Revision Notes Class 5th Mathematics (Math Mela)

Quick revision notes

Chapter 2: Fractions Quick Revision Notes Class 5th Mathematics (Math Mela)

Class 5 · Mathematics (Math Mela) · Chapter 2: Fractions · All Board · ENGLISH · 1 views

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📖 NOTES

Class 5

Chapter 2: Fractions

Math Mela · Quick Revision Notes

Class 5Math Mela (NCERT)Chapter 2

🍫 What is a Fraction?

A fraction shows equal parts of a whole. It is written as two numbers with a line between them: numerator / denominator.

📎 Tamanna's two chocolates — different sizes!

⚠️ The Golden Rule of Fractions!

Tamanna said ⅓ of one chocolate looked bigger than ½ of the other. Could this be true? YES — because her two chocolates were different sizes!

To compare two fractions properly, the WHOLES must be the SAME size. You can't fairly compare ⅓ of a small bar with ½ of a big bar.

🔑 Numerator & Denominator

In the fraction 3/4: the top number (3) = numerator = how many parts we have. The bottom number (4) = denominator = how many equal parts the whole is divided into.

3/4

🟰 Equivalent Fractions

Equivalent fractions are different-looking fractions that represent the same amount / same part of a whole.

1/3

2/6

3/9

4/12

1/3 = 2/6 = 3/9 = 4/12 = 8/24 = 12/36

How to make an equivalent fraction: Multiply (or divide) BOTH the numerator and denominator by the SAME number.

2/5 ×2/×2 = 4/10 ×5/×5 = 10/25

💡 Fraction Kit trick: If one ½ piece is broken into 2 equal parts, each part becomes a ¼ piece. So 2 pieces of ¼ = 1 piece of ½. This is exactly why ½ = 2/4!

⚖️ Comparing Fractions — Same Denominator

When two fractions have the same denominator (bottom number), just compare the numerators (top numbers) — the bigger numerator wins!

1/3

2/3

Sevi ate ⅓ of a chikki, Shami ate ⅔. Since 2 > 1, Shami ate more → 2/3 > 1/3

Same denominator? → Compare the NUMERATORS directly!

⚖️ Comparing Fractions — Same Numerator

When two fractions have the same numerator, the fraction with the SMALLER denominator is actually BIGGER! (Fewer, bigger pieces = more food!)

4/5

4/6

4 pieces of ⅙ vs 4 pieces of ⅕: a ⅕ piece is bigger than a ⅙ piece (whole cut into fewer parts = bigger parts), so 4/5 > 4/6

Same numerator? → Compare the DENOMINATORS — SMALLER denominator = BIGGER fraction!

🥙 Fractions Greater Than 1

When the numerator is bigger than the denominator, the fraction represents more than one whole!

🥙 Paratha Example

5 pieces of ½ paratha = 5/2 = 2 whole parathas + 1 more half = 2½ parathas

3/2

5/2

Mixed number form: 5/2 = 2 + ½ = 2½ (written as a whole number plus a proper fraction)

If numerator > denominator → fraction is greater than 1 (e.g., 9/4, 5/2)
If numerator = denominator → fraction equals exactly 1 (e.g., 3/3, 6/6)
If numerator < denominator → fraction is less than 1 (e.g., 2/5, 3/4)

🎯 Comparing Fractions Using 1 as a Reference

A quick way to compare two fractions: check if each is above, below, or equal to 1 — you may not even need to find a common denominator!

Compare 7/8 and 8/6: 7/8 is less than 1 (7<8). 8/6 is more than 1 (8>6). So 7/8 < 8/6 — instantly, without any calculation!

💡 This trick works best when one fraction is clearly above 1 and the other is clearly below 1.

🎯 Comparing Fractions Using ½ as a Reference

Another handy trick: check if each fraction is above, below, or exactly equal to ½.

🔑 Quick Test for Half

A fraction num/den equals ½ exactly when 2 × numerator = denominator.
It is more than ½ when 2×numerator > denominator.
It is less than ½ when 2×numerator < denominator.

Compare 5/8 and 3/6: 3/6 is exactly ½. 5/8: since 2×5=10 > 8, it is more than ½. So 5/8 > 3/6

5/8

3/6

📝 Chapter Summary

Fractions compare parts of a whole — but the wholes must be the SAME size to compare fairly
Equivalent fractions: multiply/divide top & bottom by the same number
Same denominator → compare numerators directly
Same numerator → smaller denominator means a BIGGER fraction
Numerator > denominator → fraction is greater than 1 (write as a mixed number)
Use 1 or ½ as quick "benchmark" references to compare fractions fast