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Class 12 › Physics › Moving Charges and Magnetism
CBSE2021Class Class 12 · Physics2 Marks · Short✅ Verified
Two very long straight insulated wires are kept at 90° to each other in the xy-plane. Both wires carry equal magnitude of current $I$ in directions shown in the figure. What is the net magnetic field at the origin?
✅ Answer & Solution
Each infinite straight wire produces a magnetic field $B = \mu_0 I / (2\pi d)$ at a perpendicular distance $d$.
At the origin (where both wires cross), the distance from each wire to the origin is zero — field would be infinite. In practice this is a limiting geometry.
For wires kept at 90°, the fields due to each wire at any point off origin are perpendicular, and the net field:
$$B_{net} = \sqrt{B_1^2 + B_2^2}$$
If both produce equal magnitudes at a given point: $B_{net} = \sqrt{2}\,B$.
Direction is at 45° to each wire.