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Chapter 10: The Other Side of Zero Quick Revision Notes Class 6th Mathematics (Ganita Prakash)

Class 6 · Mathematics (Ganita Prakash) · Chapter 10 : The Other Side of Zero · All Board · ENGLISH · 4 views

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Class 6 ยท Maths ยท Ganita Prakash

Chapter 10 ๐ŸŒก๏ธ
The Other Side of Zero

Integers โ€” Quick, colourful revision notes for your test!

Chapter Contents

10.1 What Are Integers?

A positive number has a '+' sign (usually dropped: 3 means +3). A negative number has a 'โˆ’' sign and is less than zero. Together with 0, these are called integers. Zero itself is neither positive nor negative.

Think of a building with floors above and below the ground:

+3 Book Store +2 Art Centre +1 Food Court 0 Welcome Hall (Ground) -1 Toy Store -2 Video Games -3 Parking

Fig 1: Floors above ground = positive, floors below ground = negative, ground = 0

Integers on the Number Line

-5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 โ† negative positive โ†’

Fig 2: Negative numbers sit to the left of 0, positives to the right

Numbers get bigger as you move right on the number line. So: 2 < 5, โˆ’3 < 2, and โˆ’5 < โˆ’3 (a "more negative" number is always smaller).

Adding & Subtracting Integers

Starting Number + Movement = Target Number
Target Number โˆ’ Starting Number = Movement needed
Moving right = positive movement; moving left = negative movement.
From 9 to 3: you move 6 steps backward, so 9 + (โˆ’6) = 3, and 3 โˆ’ 9 = โˆ’6.
Subtracting a negative = adding the positive! (+7) โˆ’ (โˆ’5) = (+7) + (+5) = 12. This trick makes tricky subtractions much easier.

10.2 The Token Model

Imagine green (+) tokens and red (โˆ’) tokens. A zero pair = one green + one red token together โ€” their combined value is 0, so they cancel out!
(+5) + (โˆ’8) = ? + + + + + โˆ’ โˆ’ โˆ’ โˆ’ โˆ’ โˆ’ โˆ’ โˆ’ 5 zero pairs cancel out 3 red (negative) tokens are left over (+5) + (โˆ’8) = โˆ’3

Fig 3: Cancel matching zero pairs โ€” whatever's left over is your answer

Stuck subtracting because you don't have enough tokens? Just add extra zero pairs (they don't change the value!) until you have enough to take away.

10.3 Integers in Real Life

ContextPositive meansNegative means
Bank accountCredit (money in)Debit (money owed)
TemperatureAbove 0ยฐCBelow 0ยฐC
Sea levelAbove sea levelBelow sea level
Building floorsAbove groundBelow ground (basement)

๐ŸŽฏ Quick Summary

  • Integers = ...โˆ’3,โˆ’2,โˆ’1, 0, 1, 2, 3... ; 0 is neither positive nor negative.
  • On the number line, bigger numbers are to the right; smaller (more negative) to the left.
  • Target โˆ’ Start = Movement; Start + Movement = Target.
  • Subtracting a negative = adding a positive (and vice versa).
  • Token model: a (+) and (โˆ’) token together form a "zero pair" that cancels out.
  • Integers show up everywhere: bank credits/debits, temperature, sea level, building floors.

โœ๏ธ Notes by @edugrown โ€” happy revising! ๐ŸŒ

โฌ†

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