Chapter 10: Life Processes in Plants NCERT Solutions Class 7th Science (Curiosity)

🌿 Photosynthesis — Plants Make Their Own Food!

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🌿Photosynthesis = process by which plants make their own food using sunlight, water, and CO₂

🧪Equation: CO₂ + Water + Sunlight → Glucose (food) + Oxygen

🍃Takes place in leaves — the "food factories" of plants

💚Chlorophyll = green pigment in leaves that captures sunlight for photosynthesis

📦Food is stored as starch (carbohydrate) in plants

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🌿 Leaves are the food factories — broad and flat to capture sunlight!

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☀️ Sunlight + water + CO₂ = food + oxygen for the planet!

☀️ What Plants Need for Photosynthesis

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☀️ Sunlight

→Energy source for photosynthesis

→Without light → plant cannot make food → turns yellow, wilts

💧 Water

→Absorbed by roots from soil

→Without water → plant wilts and dies

💨 Carbon Dioxide

→Enters leaves through tiny pores called stomata

→Present in the air we breathe out!

💚 Chlorophyll

→Green pigment in leaves — captures sunlight

→Without chlorophyll → no photosynthesis (variegated leaves)

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🧪 Testing for starch in leaves — iodine test!

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🌿 Stomata — tiny pores where CO₂ enters and O₂ exits

🌱 How Plants Absorb Water & Minerals

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🌱Roots absorb water and minerals from the soil through root hair cells (extremely thin, hair-like extensions)

🌊Water moves up from roots to leaves through xylem — tiny tube-like vessels inside the stem

🌿Food (made in leaves) moves to all parts of the plant through phloem

🪲 Other Modes of Plant Nutrition

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🌸Autotrophs = plants that make their own food (auto = self, troph = food) via photosynthesis

🪲Insectivorous plants = plants that trap and digest insects for nutrients! (e.g., Venus flytrap, pitcher plant)

🌾Parasitic plants = plants that steal food from host plants (e.g., Cuscuta/Amarbel)

🍄Saprophytes = organisms that feed on dead/decaying matter (e.g., fungi, some bacteria)

💡 Why are Plants So Important? 🌍 Plants produce all the oxygen we breathe through photosynthesis!
🍎 Plants are the base of all food chains — directly or indirectly feed all animals!
🌡️ Plants absorb CO₂ — helping control climate change
💧 Plants help the water cycle through transpiration
Trees planted = future secured! 🌳

⭐ Quick Summary

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📝 Key Points

🌿Photosynthesis: CO₂ + H₂O + Sunlight → Glucose + O₂ (in chlorophyll-containing leaves)

💚Chlorophyll = green pigment that captures sunlight | Stomata = pores for gas exchange

🌱Roots absorb water/minerals → Xylem carries water up → Phloem carries food down

🪲Other nutrition: Insectivorous (traps insects), Parasitic (steals from host), Saprophytic (dead matter)